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心衰之呼吸困难 [复制链接]

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白癜风发病机理

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Dyspnean.呼吸困难[d?sp?ni]

Cardinaladj.主要的[?kɑ:rd?nl]

Heartfailure心衰

Cardiacoutput心输出量

Worseningdyspneaisacardinalsymptomofheartfailureandtypicallyisrelatedtoincreasesincardiacfillingpressuresbutalsomayrepresentrestrictedcardiacoutput.Theabsenceofworseningdyspnea,however,doesnotnecessarilyexcludethediagnosisofheartfailure,becausepatientsmayac

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